用PC設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)時(shí),一個(gè)*重要的參數(shù)就是時(shí)間,PC執(zhí)行程序中的所有指令要用多少時(shí)間,(掃描時(shí)間)有一個(gè)輸入信號(hào)經(jīng)過(guò)PC多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后才能有一個(gè)輸出信號(hào)(響應(yīng)時(shí)間)掌握這些參數(shù),對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)和調(diào)試控制系統(tǒng)無(wú)疑非常重要。

當(dāng)PC開始運(yùn)行之后,它串行地執(zhí)行存儲(chǔ)器中的程序。我們可以把掃描時(shí)間分為4個(gè)部分。共同部分,例如清除時(shí)間監(jiān)視器和檢查程序存儲(chǔ)器;數(shù)據(jù)輸入,輸出;執(zhí)行指令;執(zhí)行外圍設(shè)備指令。

廈門岳航計(jì)算機(jī)工程有限公司

聯(lián)系人：李素云

企業(yè)QQ：2851195446，2851195466

手機(jī)：18965423501

座機(jī)：0592-5165501

時(shí)間監(jiān)視器是PC內(nèi)部用來(lái)測(cè)量掃描時(shí)間的一個(gè)定時(shí)器,所謂掃描時(shí)間,是執(zhí)行上面4個(gè)部分總共花費(fèi)的時(shí)間。掃描時(shí)間的多少取決于系統(tǒng)的購(gòu)置,I/O的點(diǎn)數(shù),程序中使用的指令及外圍設(shè)備的連接,當(dāng)一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)定型后,掃描時(shí)間主要取決軟件指令的長(zhǎng)短從PC收到一個(gè)輸入信號(hào)向輸出端輸出一個(gè)控制信號(hào)所需的時(shí)間,叫響應(yīng)時(shí)間,響應(yīng)時(shí)間是可變的,例如在一個(gè)掃描周期結(jié)束后,收到一個(gè)輸入信號(hào),下一個(gè)掃描周期結(jié)束后時(shí),收到一個(gè)輸入信號(hào),下一個(gè)掃描周期一開始,這個(gè)輸入信號(hào)就起作用,這時(shí),這個(gè)輸入信號(hào)的響應(yīng)時(shí)間*短,它是輸入延遲時(shí)間,掃描周期時(shí)間,輸出延遲時(shí)間三者的和,如果在掃描周期開始收到了一個(gè)輸入信號(hào),在掃描周期內(nèi)該輸入信號(hào)不會(huì)起作用,只能等到下一個(gè)掃描周期才能起作用,這時(shí),這個(gè)輸入信號(hào)的響應(yīng)時(shí)間*長(zhǎng),它是輸入延遲時(shí)問(wèn),輸出延遲時(shí)間三者的和,因此,一個(gè)信號(hào)的*小響應(yīng)時(shí)間和響應(yīng)時(shí)間的計(jì)算公式為:

*小的響應(yīng)時(shí)間=輸入延遲時(shí)間+掃描時(shí)間+輸出延遲時(shí)間,的響應(yīng)時(shí)間=延遲時(shí)間+2×掃描時(shí)間+輸出延遲時(shí)間。

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